The Mathematical Reflections series is a compilation of problems, solutions, and articles submitted to the online journal of the same name by passionate readers from all over the world. Students and instructors alike will broaden their horizons and be introduced to material outside the scope of most classes and, because problems are submitted from all over the world, offer a global view of problem solving leading to invaluable moments of discovery. This book is a great resource for students training for advanced national and international mathematics competitions such as USAMO and IMO.